Table 6.1 in the APA Manual

APA Citations

Type of citation
First citation in text
Subsequent citations in text
Parenthetical format, first citation in text
Parenthetical format, subsequent citations in text

One work by one author

Walker (2007)    

  

Walker (2007)  

    

(Walker, 2007)      

 

(Walker, 2007)

One work by two authors

 

Walker and Allen (2004)

 

Walker and Allen (2004)

 

(Walker & Allen, 2004)

(Walker & Allen, 2004)

One work by three authors

 

Bradley, Ramirez, and Soo (1999)

Bradley et al. (1999)

(Bradley, Ramirez, & Soo, 1999)

(Bradley et al., 1999)

One work by four authors

 

Bradley, Ramirez, Soo, and Walsh (2006)

 

Bradley et al. (2006)

(Bradley, Ramirez, Soo, & Walsh, 2006)

(Bradley et al., 2006)

One work by five authors

 

Walker, Allen, Bradley, Ramirez, and Soo (2008)

Walker et al. (2008)

(Walker, Allen, Bradley, Ramirez, & Soo, 2008)

(Walker et al., 2008)

One work by six or more authors

Wasserstein et al. (2005)

Wasserstein et al. (2005)

(Wasserstein et al.,2005)

(Wasserstein et al., 2005)

 

Groups (readily identified through abbreviation) as authors

 

National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH, 2003)

NIMH (2003)

(National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 2003)

(NIMH, 2003)

Groups (no abbreviation) as authors

 

University of Pittsburgh (2005)

University of Pittsburgh (2005)

(University  of Pittsburgh, 2005)

(University of Pittsburgh, 2005)

 

Order the citations of two or more works within the same parentheses alphabetically, separated by semi-colons.